Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat until it shimmers and you hear a gentle crackle.
Add the sliced peppers to the hot oil and stir frequently, cooking for about 4-5 minutes until they start to soften and develop slightly charred edges.
Push the peppers to one side of the skillet and add the shrimp in a single layer. Let them cook undisturbed for about 2 minutes until they turn pink and start to curl at the edges.
Flip the shrimp and cook for another 2 minutes until fully pink and opaque. Add the minced garlic and stir everything together, cooking for about 30 seconds until fragrant.
Squeeze the juice of half a lemon over the mixture, then toss to coat. Continue cooking for about 1 minute to meld flavors and brighten the dish.
Remove the skillet from heat and give everything a final stir. Taste and season with salt, pepper, and red pepper flakes if desired.
Serve immediately, garnished with extra lemon wedges or fresh herbs if you like. Enjoy the vibrant colors and lively flavors of this quick, satisfying dish.